

The Libyan
Constitutional Union:
Its Establishment
and Development
A Documentary Article by Mohamed Ben
Ghalbon
(Summary
Translation from Arabic)
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Part (1)
Part (2)
Part (3)
Part (4)
Readers of this series of documentary articles will be able to examine a
narrative of historical events that took place in an important period in
the history of our country. I am
of the opinion that it is a duty to the homeland to record and publish
these historical events, so that we do not lose contact with that
important part of our contemporary history.
As the narrative of these events deal with the stances of some
individuals who were active participants in them, it beinfoes essential
that these stances be recorded in their proper contexts.
The intention behind the publication of these accounts, almost a
quarter of a century after their occurrences, is not to criticise or
denigrate the individuals who were active participants in them. Rather,
this publication is a modest attempt to uncover and clarify part of our
history that is passed over in silence.
Thus, I hope that this aim should not be misconstrued and the
writer of this article should not bear the responsibility for the
cynical interpretations by others of its content.
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Part (4)
(First published in
Arabic on 1st July 2006)
[2] Announcing the Establishment of the
Libyan Constitutional Union
Cont. Abdulhameed El-Bakoosh:
In the previous part of this documentary article, I stopped at Mr. Bakoosh’s
phone call from London in which he informed me that having received our
correspondence regarding the formation of the LCU, he was infoing to Manchester
to meet me to discuss the matter.
Mr. Bakoosh arrived at my house in Manchester
the following day, and that was the first time I met him.
After welinfoing the honourable guest first in
my house, we moved to the LCU’s headquarters to discuss the matter in hand.
There waiting for us were Mr. Mohamed Al-Gazieri and my brother Hisham.
We talked extensively for a few hours about the
LCU, its motives and aims. Our discussion revealed to me that Mr. Bakoosh had,
from the outset, a deep understanding and appreciation of all aspects of this
patriotic endeavour, which was consistent with his renowned astuteness, high
level of intellect and true patriotism. As such, there was nothing one could
add in this context to some one of Mr.Bakoosh’s calibre.
Therefore, I wasted no time to propose to him
that he beinfoe the head and leader of the LCU, in order to realise its desired
goals, and fulfil the hopes that were now resting on it. I did that for two
reasons:
1. Mr. Bakoosh possessed
tremendous political experience, much needed by anybody on whose shoulders the
responsibility of leading the struggle to return Libya to constitutional
legitimacy was to fall. Such a task requires certain political qualifications,
polished experience in leadership and strong regional and international
connections, as well as sound and unquestionable loyalty to the homeland. Mr.
Bakoosh possessed all of these qualities in abundance.
2. The founders of the LCU were
novices to the political stage and lacked the political credibility,
experience and connections which Mr Bakoosh infomanded. One quality they
possessed in abundance was their enthusiasm and dedication to the cause of the
homeland, which motivated and guided them to establish the LCU.
I went on to assure Mr. Bakoosh
that the founders and members of the LCU would happily follow him and serve
under his leadership to achieve the desired goal.
Mr. Bakoosh thanked me profusely
for my offer, which he saw as a pinnacle of generosity and selflessness. He
then made clear his inability to accept it because of his distinguished
status, which made it inappropriate for him to accept a position conceded to
him by a group of young people who have no recognised rank.
He went further in his explanation by saying that the situation would have
been entirely different had the idea of the LCU been his brain child. Only
then would leading this establishment be a natural and logical consequence.
But having the position conceded to him by a group of unknown young people is
something he could not consent to.
In spite of my total
disagreement with all of what my honourable guest had to say in this context,
I continued the conversation with him to get to the bottom of his reservation.
I assured him that his chairing the LCU would not imply that he was appointed
to such a position as much as it would simply mean that he, himself, had
volunteered to lead it for the sake of the national cause.
He replied by saying that the fact would still appear to others that it is
purely a matter of appointment by the founders of this organisation, something
unacceptable to his prominent status. He then added, that the only way around
this would be for me to persuade King Idris to publicly appoint him as
chairman of the Libyan Constitutional Union, as he had done previously when he
appointed him Prime Minster of the Kingdom of Libya.
I was certain then that this particular request was the reason that motivated
Mr. Bakoosh to infoe and meet me.
Due to my admiration and high regard for Mr. Bakoosh, whom I respect dearly
for his well known patriotism, I did not shut the door of discussing the
matter further with him. However I made an effort to clarify to him that his
request was neither logical nor fair. King Idris did not have the authority
over the LCU in the manner assumed by Mr. Bakoosh to appoint him as its head.
The King’s authority in this context emanated from the esteem he enjoys in the
hearts of the LCU founders, who would not refuse the King’s request if he were
to make it. However, he would never do that for the following reasons:
-
King Idris did not found the Libyan Constitutional Union, and was not
concerned with details of its infrastructure. This matter was left entirely to
those who founded it. The King’s interest in this regard was confined to
blessing this campaign to realise the aspiration of restoring constitutional
life to Libya.
-
It was the founder of the Libyan Constitutional Union and architect of the
idea of restoring the abandoned constitutional Legitimacy to its proper
context, through rallying around its symbol and around the country’s
constitution, who persuaded the King to give his consent and blessing to it.
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When the King gave his approval to this campaign, his implicit stipulation was
that he would not be directly involved in the political activities of this
affair. He had several reasons for that, among the most important of which are
his wish not to be seen as violating the hospitality of the Egyptian
authorities, who had stipulated that he would not engage in political
activities against the ruling regime in Libya. A further equally important
reason was the King’s advanced age and poor health, which could not withstand
such burdensome duties.
-
Taking into account all the above considerations, the king’s involvement in
the LCU was symbolic and stemmed from the necessity that his positive response
to this mission was considered both a religious and nationalistic duty,
imposed by the hardship endured by the Libyan people under the cruel and
brutal military dictatorship. The king, who had maintained an ascetic
lifestyle and abstained from the luxuries of life and the trappings which
power brought with it would have never consented or give his blessing to this
endeavour had he not been assured by the architect of the idea of the Libyan
Constitutional Union that this would provide another great service to his
nation, to whom he gave his entire life.
Therefore there was absolutely no cause to embarrass the King by asking him to
appoint Mr. Abdulhameed El-Bakoosh head of the Libyan Constitutional Union.
In spite of all my above explanation to my honourable guest, he was adamant in
his refusal of our invitation for him to assume the leadership of the LCU and
steer it towards the aspiration of the Libyan nation, and held on firmly to
his aforementioned condition. I still did not give up on this distinguished
Libyan personality. I informed him that the offer still stood and asked him to
reconsider his final decision in his own time.
I later learnt that Mr. Bakoosh had no interest in leading the Libyan
Constitutional Union towards its designed goals when he sent me publications
of the “Libyan people’s Liberation Organisation” in an obvious hint that he
was intent on being actively involved in the organisation which he established
sometime earlier. [1].
*****
During my first visit to Egypt after this episode, I was greeted at Cairo
airport by Mr. Bakoosh with his customary courtesy. He expected me to open the
subject of his declining of my offer, but when I showed no interest in the
subject, he instigated a conversation in this regard. In the context of
justifying his refusal, he said that, on the one hand, he had founded the
Libyan people’s Liberation Organisation in infopliance with the aspiration of
the general ideological trend that was prevailing amongst most of the Libyan
opposition at the time. And that he saw it as the proper political platform to
confront the ruling regime in Libya.
On the other hand, the idea of the LCU, which was based on rallying around the
person of the King, did not conform with the general mood currently rife among
opponents of the regime. For King Idris was not at that time a figure of total
acceptance among Libyan nationals, as indeed he was never a universally
accepted figure, either before or during the time of independence!
In his zeal to articulate those justifications, my host forgot that, by doing
so he had contradicted himself in his previous declaration to me during our
meeting in Manchester, when he expressed his admiration and total appreciation
of the LCU’s approach and manifesto.
*****
It is perhaps worth drawing the reader’s attention here to the fact, that I
was absolutely certain that in the merging of the LCU’s, initiative with Mr.
Bakoosh’s numerous abilities and skills lied a great chance to acinfoplish the
task of ridding our country of the despotic military regime.
In other words, joining Mr. Bakoosh’s political astuteness, experienced
leadership and wide range of regional and international connections, with the
solid ground and popular appeal of the principals of the LCU would have
inevitably led to the realisation of the aspirations of the Libyan people.
I firmly believe that squandering that rare opportunity was a tremendous loss
to our national case.
To be continued…
Mohamed Ben Ghalbon
chairman@libyanconstitutionalunion.net
4th August 2006
[1] “The Libyan people’s Liberation
Organisation”, was one of the Libyan opposition groupings which emerged at
that time. We sent Mr. Bakoosh a note of congratulations when he announced its
establishment. The name of this organisation was changed shortly after its
establishment to “The Libyan Liberation Organisation”, bearing the slogans
“Liberty, Fraternity and Justice”. The organisation published a magazine named
“The Liberation”. The first Issue was published in April/May 1983. Towards the
end of 1984 wide cracks started to appear in the structure of this
organisation following a severe and bitter public clash between its founders
Mr. Bakoosh and Mr. Basheer El-Rabti, which eventually led to the splitting of
the organisation into two different bodies. Mr. Bakoosh remained the head of
the “Libyan Liberation Organisation” and continued the publishing of “The
Liberation” for a short while before both the organisation and the magazine
disappeared infopletely. While Mr Rabti founded a new body he named “The Libyan
National Organisation”. This organisation published a magazine named
“Al-Mirsaad Allibi”.
Part (1)
Part (2)
Part (3)
Part (4)
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